![]() Poettering later claimed that " Ubuntu didn't exactly do a stellar job. When first adopted by distributions, PulseAudio developer Lennart Poettering (also the creator of systemd) described it as "the software that currently breaks your audio".Further development of the glitch-free audio feature required a complete rewrite of the PulseAudio core, and also changes to the ALSA API and internals were needed. Almost all packages using OSS and many of the packages using ALSA needed to be modified to support PulseAudio. The PortAudio API was incompatible with PulseAudio's design and needed to be modified.Tizen, an open-source mobile operating system, which is a project of the Linux Foundation and is governed by a Technical Steering Group (TSG) composed of Intel and Samsung, uses PulseAudio. Various Linux-based mobile devices, including Nokia N900, Nokia N9 and the Palm Pre use PulseAudio. PulseAudio is also available in the Illumos distribution OpenIndiana, and enabled by default in its MATE desktop environment. There is support for PulseAudio in the GNOME project, and also in KDE, as it is integrated into Plasma Workspaces, adding support to Phonon (the KDE multimedia framework) and KMix (the integrated mixer application) as well as a "Speaker Setup" GUI to aid the configuration of multi-channel speakers. PulseAudio first appeared for regular users in Fedora Linux, starting with version 8, then was adopted by major Linux distributions such as Ubuntu, Debian, Mandriva Linux, and openSUSE. The ability to enable system wide equalization.Bluetooth audio device support with dynamic detection capabilities.The ability to synchronize multiple playback streams.The ability to combine multiple sound cards into one.Built-in sample conversion and resampling capabilities.A sound daemon with command line reconfiguration capabilities.A command-line interface with scripting capabilities.Ability to change which output device applications use to play sound through while they are playing sound (Applications do not need to support this, PulseAudio is capable of doing this without applications detecting that it has happened).Ability to discover other computers using PulseAudio on the local network and play sound through their speakers directly.A zero-copy memory architecture for processor resource efficiency.Support for multiple audio sources and sinks.Compatibility with many popular audio applications.An extensible plugin architecture with support for loadable modules.LibSydney is a total replacement for the "PulseAudio streaming API", and plans have been made for libSydney to eventually become the only audio API used in PulseAudio. Interfaces with ALSA through libasound.Defines a simple abstract interface for playing event sounds.Complies with the XDG Sound Theme and Naming Specifications.Libcanberra is an abstract API for desktop event sounds and a total replacement for the "PulseAudio sample cache API": In reality, their output is rerouted through PulseAudio. PulseAudio also provides its own native interface to applications that want to support PulseAudio directly, as well as a legacy interface for ESD applications, making it suitable as a drop-in replacement for ESD.įor OSS applications, PulseAudio provides the padsp utility, which replaces device files such as /dev/dsp, tricking the applications into believing that they have exclusive control over the sound card. Thus, applications using ALSA will output sound to PulseAudio, which then uses ALSA itself to access the real sound card. In a typical installation scenario under Linux, the user configures ALSA to use a virtual device provided by PulseAudio. PulseAudio achieves this by providing adapters to applications using other audio systems, like aRts and ESD. One of the goals of PulseAudio is to reroute all sound streams through it, including those from processes that attempt to directly access the hardware (like legacy OSS applications). The background process then redirects these sound sources to one or more sinks (sound cards, remote network PulseAudio servers, or other processes). PulseAudio acts as a sound server, where a background process accepting sound input from one or more sources (processes, capture devices, etc.) is created. In broad terms ALSA is a kernel subsystem that provides the sound hardware driver, and PulseAudio is the interface engine between Applications and ALSA, however its use is not mandatory and audio can still be played and mixed together without PulseAudio. PulseAudio is a daemon that does mixing in software.
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